Blazars are a fraction of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) with a relativistic jet pointing toward the observer. Their emission is predominantly non-thermal in nature, spanning from radio to gamma-ray energies, and well understood to be originating from the jet. Hence, these sources make excellent laboratories for studying physics under extreme conditions. Decades of broadband study of these sources have provided a wealth of information about the emission mechanisms. However, the formation of relativistic jets, collimation, matter composition, and kinetic power are largely unknown.

On the other hand, the recent high-sensitivity X-ray observations of blazars can provide clues on the electron acceleration process responsible for broadband emission and the particle dynamics in the jet medium. Furthermore, a detailed study of the X-ray spectra of blazars can also potentially estimate the blazar energetics and the jet composition. Dr. Sitha highlighted her research work on the blazar PKS 2155-304, where she attempts to answer some of these queries. She also briefly described the open problems yet to be addressed.